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Legislation

Acts, bills, delegated legislation, constitutions, explanatory memoranda and instruments under Chapter 3.

AGLC4 Chapter 3 covers how to cite legislative materials, including Acts of Parliament, Bills, delegated legislation such as regulations and rules, constitutions, explanatory memoranda and other legislative instruments.

The citation format depends on the type of material being cited.

Acts

An Act is cited using:

  • the short title of the Act;
  • the year;
  • the jurisdiction; and
  • a pinpoint reference (if required).

The title and year are written together in italics.

Title of Act year (Jurisdiction) pinpoint.

3Commercial Tenancies Regulation Act 1994 (Cth) s 12.

Jurisdiction abbreviations

The jurisdiction identifies the Parliament that enacted the legislation. Common abbreviations are:

JurisdictionAbbreviation
CommonwealthCth
New South WalesNSW
VictoriaVic
QueenslandQld
South AustraliaSA
Western AustraliaWA
TasmaniaTas
Northern TerritoryNT
Australian Capital TerritoryACT

Multiple legislative pinpoints

If you are citing multiple provisions of an Act:

  • use the abbreviation for the highest level of provision cited;
  • use an en dash (–) for consecutive provisions; and
  • separate non-consecutive provisions with commas.

Do not use and before the final provision.

Consecutive provisions
Act Name year (Cth) ss 5–7.
Non-consecutive provisions
Act Name year (Cth) ss 5, 9, 12.

Number ranges

Section ranges are shortened where possible.

However, where sections contain letters or decimal numbers, write the numbers in full.

Correct
ss 112–13
Incorrect
✗ ss 112–113
Correct
ss 2A–2D
Incorrect
✗ ss 2A–D

Definitions in legislation

If a term is defined in a provision, cite the section containing the definition.

Where the definition itself has a number, cite it like an ordinary section. Where the definition is not separately numbered, include the defined term in round brackets.

Title of Act year (Jurisdiction) s section number (definition of ‘term’).

Short titles for parts of legislation

Sometimes you need to refer only to a particular part of an Act, Bill or delegated legislation. In that situation, you can create a short title for that portion of the legislation.

The short title appears after the pinpoint, is italicised, and is introduced only once in a citation.

After introducing the short title, later pinpoints refer to provisions within that specific part, not the entire Act.

Example
Title of Act year (Cth) pt 3 (‘Short Title’).

Bills

A Bill is a proposed law and has not yet been passed. The main difference from an Act is that the Bill title is not italicised, and pinpoints refer to clauses, not sections.

Title of Bill year (Jurisdiction) pinpoint.

51Environmental Standards Amendment Bill 2021 (Vic) cl 4.

Delegated legislation

Delegated legislation includes materials made under authority given by an Act, such as regulations, rules and other legislative instruments.

These are cited similarly to Acts, including an italicised title and year. The pinpoint abbreviation changes depending on the type of instrument.

MaterialPinpoint
Regulationsreg / regs
Rulesr / rr
8Professional Services Regulations 2002 (Qld) regs 5.01–5.02.

Constitutions

The Australian Constitution has its own citation format. It is cited by the title Australian Constitution and the relevant section. No year or jurisdiction is included.

Foreign constitutions are cited according to the rules for foreign jurisdictions.

9Australian Constitution s 51(i).

Explanatory memoranda

An explanatory memorandum explains a Bill and assists with understanding its purpose and operation.

It is cited using the words Explanatory Memorandum, the title of the Bill, the year and jurisdiction, and the page pinpoint. The Bill title is not italicised.

Important: a second reading speech is not an explanatory memorandum. It is part of Hansard and is cited under the rules for parliamentary materials.

Explanatory Memorandum, Title of Bill year (Jurisdiction) pinpoint.

13Explanatory Memorandum, Corporate Governance Reform Bill 2018 (Cth) 7.

Other legislative materials

AGLC4 also covers several materials that sit alongside legislation.

Gazettes

Government notices published in official gazettes.

21Commonwealth, Gazette: Special, No S 489, 1 December 2004.

Government rulings and determinations

Examples include tax rulings and broadcasting determinations.

22Australian Communications and Media Authority, Broadcasting Services (Regional Commercial Radio) Determination (BSD 12/2019, 3 March 2019) [7].

Rules made by non-government bodies

For example, stock exchange rules.

23Australian Securities Exchange, Operating Rules (OR 3/2021, 1 July 2021) r 4.2.

Court practice notes

Practice notes issued by courts are also covered by this section.

24Supreme Court of New South Wales, Practice Note No 3 of 2019: Commercial List Case Management (2019) 99 NSWLR 512, 515.

Quick identification guide

If you are citingUse
Passed legislationAct format
Proposed legislationBill format
Regulations or rules made under an ActDelegated legislation format
Australian ConstitutionConstitution format
Explanation of a BillExplanatory Memorandum format
Government notices or similar materialsOther legislative materials format

Last reviewed 4 August 2026