Dictionaries, Encyclopedias and Other Sources

A dictionary cites the title in italics, the edition and year, then the entry you used in single quotation marks, with the definition number if the entry has several. Rules 7.6 to 7.7 apply.

An encyclopedia entry cites the publisher, the italic title, the volume, the currency date in round brackets after at, then the title number and name, the chapter, and the paragraph. Rule 7.7 applies. The at date matters because encyclopedias update continuously.

A looseleaf service is cited like an encyclopedia but keyed to its release number where the service works that way. Rule 7.8 applies.

Patents, trade marks and designs cite the jurisdiction code, the right and its number, the filing date, and the registration status in round brackets. Rule 7.9 applies.

A company constitution or similar governing document cites the document type, the company, the version date after at, and a clause pinpoint. Rule 7.10 applies.

A letter or email cites the form, the sender, the recipient and the date. An interview cites the interviewee and their position, then the interviewer, place and date in round brackets. Rules 7.12 and 7.13 apply. Cite private material only where your reader can plausibly access it or your assessment allows it.